Bart Spronck

Assistant Professor

Dr Bart Spronck is Assistant Professor in the field of arterial biomechanics at CARIM. As a multidisciplinary researcher, Bart aims to combine and integrate clinical and engineering research. Bart is committed to disentangling the problem of arterial stiffening, by studying it structurally and functionally, pre-clinically as well as clinically. The combination of state-of-the-art measurement techniques with constitutive computer modelling enables him to mechanically understand the changes occurring in the ageing arterial wall.

Bart studied Medical Engineering at Eindhoven University of Technology, where he obtained his MSc degree in 2011. He spent the last year of his MSc programme at Dept. of Biomedical Engineering at CARIM, where, after a one-year Kootstra Talent Fellowship, he started his PhD on arterial stiffening in 2012. After obtaining his PhD (2016) and a short, second Kootstra Talent Fellowship thereafter, he joined the lab of Prof Alberto Avolio at Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia as a postdoc on a six-month Endeavour Fellowship. On this fellowship, he studied the heart rate and blood pressure dependence of arterial stiffness. In 2017, Bart moved to the United States to join the lab of Prof Jay Humphrey at Yale University, for which he obtained funding through NWO Rubicon and Marie Curie Individual – Global Fellowships. At Yale, he worked on the biomechanical characterisation of aortic remodelling in hypertension, ageing, and Marfan syndrome. As of 2021, Bart is back at CARIM as an Assistant Professor, where he is studying arterial stiffening in hypertension, diabetes, and other disease models. As of 2022, Bart is also an Honorary Senior Research Fellow at Macquarie University, Sydney Australia.

During his career, Bart has developed a novel, state-of-the-art experimental testing set-up (DynamX, http://www.dynamx.info) for in vitro testing of arteries under tightly-controlled pulsatile conditions. By combining the data from this set-up with constitutive modelling of the artery wall, Bart has established the importance of pulsatile loading on arterial mechanics, and is able to unravel the individual arterial layers’ and components’ contributions to overall arterial mechanics. Bart collaborates with many researchers within CARIM as well as beyond, to use DynamX to characterise arterial mechanics in a variety of diseases.

Bart is Chair of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Working Group on Large Arteries, Executive Committee member of the ARTERY Society, Editorial Board Member of Artery Research, and member of two Working Groups of EU COST action 18216 VascAgeNet.

Department of Biomedical Engineering
Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht
PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht
Room number: H3.356
T: +31 43 388 1657

  • 2024
    • Spronck, B., Terentes-Printzios, D., Avolio, A. P., Boutouyrie, P., Guala, A., Jeroncic, A., Laurent, S., Barbosa, E. C. D., Baulmann, J., Chen, C.-H., Chirinos, J. A., Daskalopoulou, S. S., Hughes, A. D., Mahmud, A., Mayer, C. C., Park, J. B., Pierce, G. L., Schutte, A. E., Urbina, E. M., ... Society for Arterial Stiffness—Germany-Austria-Switzerland (DeGAG) (2024). 2024 Recommendations for Validation of Noninvasive Arterial Pulse Wave Velocity Measurement Devices. Hypertension, 81(1), 183-192. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21618
    • Hopper, S. E., Weiss, D., Mikush, N., Jiang, B., Spronck, B., Cavinato, C., Humphrey, J. D., & Figueroa, C. A. (2024). Central Artery Hemodynamics in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Effects of Anesthesia. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 52(4), 1051-1066. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03440-0
    • Niestrawska, J. A., Spronck, B., Cavinato, C., & Humphrey, J. D. (2024). Tempol improves aortic mechanics in a mouse model of hypertension. Journal of Biomechanics, 162, Article 111911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111911
    • Spronck, B., & Giudici, A. (2024). Towards a more widespread clinical use of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and CAVI0: Defining reference values in healthy Russians. American Journal of Hypertension, 37(1), 21-23. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpad092
    • Spronck, B., Sharman, J. E., & Daskalopoulou, S. S. (2024). Author reply. Bjog-an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 131(2), 239-240. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.17682
  • 2023
    • Mancia Chairperson, G., Kreutz Co-Chair, R., Brunström, M., Burnier, M., Grassi, G., Januszewicz, A., Muiesan, M. L., Tsioufis, K., Agabiti-Rosei, E., Algharably, E. A. E., Azizi, M., Benetos, A., Borghi, C., Hitij, J. B., Cifkova, R., Coca, A., Cornelissen, V., Cruickshank, K., Cunha, P. G., ... Zhang, Z.-Y. (2023). 2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: Endorsed by the European Renal Association (ERA) and the International Society of Hypertension (ISH). Journal of Hypertension, 41(12), 1874-2071. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003480
    • Roth, L., Dogan, S., Tuna, B. G., Aranyi, T., Benitez, S., Borrell-Pages, M., Bozaykut, P., De Meyer, G. R. Y., Duca, L., Durmus, N., Fonseca, D., Fraenkel, E., Gillery, P., Giudici, A., Jaisson, S., Johansson, M., Julve, J., Lucas-Herald, A. K., Martinet, W., ... Anacak, G. Y. (2023). Pharmacological modulation of vascular ageing: a review from VascAgeNet. Ageing research reviews, 92(1), Article 102122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2023.102122
    • Giudici, A., van der Laan, K. W. F., van der Bruggen, M. M., Parikh, S., Berends, E., Foulquier, S., Delhaas, T., Reesink, K. D., & Spronck, B. (2023). Constituent-based quasi-linear viscoelasticity: a revised quasi-linear modelling framework to capture nonlinear viscoelasticity in arteries. Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology, 22(5), 1607–1623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-023-01711-8
    • Murtada, S.-I., Kawamura, Y., Cavinato, C., Wang, M., Ramachandra, A. B., Spronck, B., Li, D. S., Tellides, G., & Humphrey, J. D. (2023). Biomechanical and transcriptional evidence that smooth muscle cell death drives an osteochondrogenic phenotype and severe proximal vascular disease in progeria. Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology, 22(4), 1333-1347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-023-01722-5
    • Giudici, A., Spronck, B., Wilkinson, I. B., & Khir, A. W. (2023). Tri-layered constitutive modelling unveils functional differences between the pig ascending and lower thoracic aorta. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 141(1), Article 105752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105752
    • Pewowaruk, R. J., Colebank, M. J., Spronck, B., Korcarz, C. E., & Gepner, A. D. (2023). Biomechanics models predict increasing smooth muscle tone as a novel therapeutic target for central arterial dysfunction in hypertension. Journal of Hypertension, 41(4), 572-579. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003370
    • Nemcsik, J., Mayer, C. C., Guala, A., Terentes-Printzios, D., & Spronck, B. (2023). Editorial: Widely used and novel approaches of the measurement of arterial stiffness and central hemodynamic parameters: Is there a consensus on the horizon?Frontiers in physiology, 14(1), Article 1167257. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1167257
    • van Loo, C., Giudici, A., & Spronck, B. (2023). Correction: Potential adverse effects of vasodilatory antihypertensive medication on vascular stiffness in elderly individuals. Hypertension Research, 46(2), Article 552. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-022-01118-5
    • Helleputte, S., Spronck, B., Sharman, J. E., Van Bortel, L., Segers, P., Calders, P., Lapauw, B., & De Backer, T. (2023). Central blood pressure estimation in type 1 diabetes: impact and implications of peripheral calibration method. Journal of Hypertension, 41(1), 115-121. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003308
    • Malik, A. E. F., Giudici, A., van der Laan, K. W. F., Op 't Roodt, J., Mess, W. H., Delhaas, T., Spronck, B., & Reesink, K. D. (2023). Detectable Bias between Vascular Ultrasound Echo-Tracking Systems: Relevance Depends on Application. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(1), Article 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010069
  • 2022
    • Park, J. B., Sharman, J. E., Li, Y., Munakata, M., Shirai, K., Chen, C. H., Jae, S. Y., Tomiyama, H., Kosuge, H., Bruno, R. M., Spronck, B., Kario, K., Lee, H. Y., Cheng, H. M., Wang, J. G., Budoff, M., Townsend, R., & Avolio, A. P. (2022). Expert Consensus on the Clinical Use of Pulse Wave Velocity in Asia. Pulse, 10(1-4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1159/000528208
    • van Loo, C., Giudici, A., & Spronck, B. (2022). Potential adverse effects of vasodilatory antihypertensive medication on vascular stiffness in elderly individuals. Hypertension Research, 45(12), 2024-2027. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-022-01012-0
    • Zhang, E., Spronck, B., Humphrey, J. D., & Karniadakis, G. E. (2022). G2Φnet: Relating genotype and biomechanical phenotype of tissues with deep learning. PLoS Computational Biology, 18(10), e1010660. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010660
    • Spronck, B. (2022). Arterial stiffness on a different scale. European Heart Journal - Digital Health, 3(3), 359-361. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjdh/ztac036
    • Spronck, B., Ramachandra, A. B., Moriyama, L., Toczek, J., Han, J. A., Sadeghi, M. M., & Humphrey, J. D. (2022). Deletion of matrix metalloproteinase-12 compromises mechanical homeostasis and leads to an aged aortic phenotype in young mice. Journal of Biomechanics, 141, Article 111179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111179
    • Giudici, A., & Spronck, B. (2022). The Role of Layer-Specific Residual Stresses in Arterial Mechanics: Analysis via a Novel Modelling Framework. Artery Research, 28(2), 41-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44200-022-00013-1
    • Athaide, C. E., Spronck, B., & Au, J. S. (2022). Physiological basis for longitudinal motion of the arterial wall. American Journal of Physiology-heart and Circulatory Physiology, 322(5), H689-H701. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00567.2021
    • Spronck, B., Obeid, M. J., Paravathaneni, M., Gadela, N. V., Singh, G., Magro, C. A., Kulkarni, V., Kondaveety, S., Gade, K. C., Bhuva, R., Kulick-Soper, C. M., Sanchez, N., Akers, S., & Chirinos, J. A. (2022). Predictive Ability of Pressure-Corrected Arterial Stiffness Indices: Comparison of Pulse Wave Velocity, Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI), and CAVI0. American Journal of Hypertension, 35(3), 272-280. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpab168
    • Giudici, A., & Spronck, B. (2022). A first step towards recognizing the fundamental role of smooth muscle tone in large artery (dys)function?Journal of Hypertension, 40(3), 422-424. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003063
    • van der Laan, K. W. F., Reesink, K. D., van der Bruggen, M. M., Jaminon, A. M. G., Schurgers, L. J., Megens, R. T. A., Huberts, W., Delhaas, T., & Spronck, B. (2022). Improved Quantification of Cell Density in the Arterial Wall-A Novel Nucleus Splitting Approach Applied to 3D Two-Photon Laser-Scanning Microscopy. Frontiers in physiology, 12, Article 814434. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.814434
  • 2021
    • Malik, A. E. F., Delhaas, T., Spronck, B., Henry, R. M. A., Joseph, J., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Mess, W. H., & Reesink, K. D. (2021). Single M-Line Is as Reliable as Multiple M-Line Ultrasound for Carotid Artery Screening. Frontiers in physiology, 12, Article 787083. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.787083
    • Giudici, A., Khir, A. W., Reesink, K. D., Delhaas, T., & Spronck, B. (2021). Five years of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and CAVI0: how close are we to a pressure-independent index of arterial stiffness?Journal of Hypertension, 39(11), 2128-2138. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002928
    • Spronck, B. (2021). Disentangling Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure. Heart Lung and Circulation, 30(11), 1599-1601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.086
    • van der Bruggen, M. M., Spronck, B., Delhaas, T., Reesink, K. D., & Schalkwijk, C. G. (2021). The Putative Role of Methylglyoxal in Arterial Stiffening: A Review. Heart Lung and Circulation, 30(11), 1681-1693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.527
    • Giudici, A., Khir, A. W., Szafron, J. M., & Spronck, B. (2021). From Uniaxial Testing of Isolated Layers to a Tri-Layered Arterial Wall: A Novel Constitutive Modelling Framework. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 49(9), 2454-2467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-021-02775-2
    • Spronck, B., Latorre, M., Wang, M., Mehta, S., Caulk, A. W., Ren, P. W., Ramachandra, A. B., Murtada, S. I., Rojas, A., He, C. S., Jiang, B., Bersi, M. R., Tellides, G., & Humphrey, J. D. (2021). Excessive adventitial stress drives inflammation-mediated fibrosis in hypertensive aortic remodelling in mice. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 18(180), Article 20210336. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2021.0336
    • van der Bruggen, M., Spronck, B., Bos, S., Heusinkveld, M. H. G., Taddei, S., Ghiadoni, L., Delhaas, T., Bruno, R. M., & Reesink, K. D. (2021). Pressure-corrected carotid stiffness and Young's modulus: evaluation in an outpatient clinic setting. American Journal of Hypertension, 34(7), 737-743. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpab028
    • Parikh, S., Ganizada, B., Debeij, G., Natour, E., Maessen, J., Spronck, B., Schurgers, L., Delhaas, T., Huberts, W., Bidar, E., & Reesink, K. (2021). Intra-Operative Video-Based Measurement of Biaxial Strains of the Ascending Thoracic Aorta. Biomedicines, 9(6), Article 670. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9060670
    • Bruno, R. M., Spronck, B., Hametner, B., Hughes, A., Lacolley, P., Mayer, C. C., Muiesan, M. L., Rajkumar, C., Terentes-Printzios, D., Weber, T., Hansen, T. W., Boutouyrie, P., & Association for Research into Arterial Structure, Physiology (ARTERY) Society (2021). Covid-19 Effects on ARTErial StIffness and Vascular AgeiNg: CARTESIAN Study Rationale and Protocol. Artery Research, 27(2), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.2991/artres.k.201124.001
    • van der Bruggen, M. M., Reesink, K. D., Spronck, P. J. M., Bitsch, N., Hameleers, J., Megens, R. T. A., Schalkwijk, C. G., Delhaas, T., & Spronck, B. (2021). An integrated set-up for ex vivo characterisation of biaxial murine artery biomechanics under pulsatile conditions. Scientific Reports, 11(1), Article 2671. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81151-5
    • Latorre, M., Spronck, B., & Humphrey, J. D. (2021). Complementary roles of mechanotransduction and inflammation in vascular homeostasis. Proceedings of the Royal Society A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 477(2245), Article 20200622. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0622
    • Spronck, B., Tan, I., Reesink, K. D., Georgevsky, D., Delhaas, T., Avolio, A. P., & Butlin, M. (2021). Heart rate and blood pressure dependence of aortic distensibility in rats: comparison of measured and calculated pulse wave velocity. Journal of Hypertension, 39(1), 117-126. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002608
  • 2020
    • Pucci, G., Spronck, B., Avolio, A. P., Tap, L., Vaudo, G., Anastasio, F., Van den Meiracker, A., & Mattace-Raso, F. (2020). Age-Specific Acute Changes in Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity With Head-up Tilt. American Journal of Hypertension, 33(12), 1112-1118. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpaa101
    • Zanoli, L., Briet, M., Empana, J. P., Cunha, P. G., Maki-Petaja, K. M., Protogerou, A. D., Tedgui, A., Touyz, R. M., Schiffrin, E. L., Spronck, B., Bouchard, P., Vlachopoulos, C., Bruno, R. M., Boutouyrie, P., Association for Research into Arterial Structure, Physiology (ARTERY) Society, & European Society of Hypertension (2020). Vascular consequences of inflammation: A position statement from the ESH Working Group on Vascular Structure and Function and the ARTERY Society. Journal of Hypertension, 38(9), 1682-1698. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002508
    • Spronck, B., Ferruzzi, J., Bellini, C., Caulk, A. W., Murtada, S. I., & Humphrey, J. D. (2020). Aortic remodeling is modest and sex-independent in mice when hypertension is superimposed on aging. Journal of Hypertension, 38(7), 1312-1321. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002400
    • Cooke, A. B., Dasgupta, K., Spronck, B., Sharman, J. E., & Daskalopoulou, S. S. (2020). Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Exhibit a Greater Exercise-Induced Increase in Arterial Stiffness and Vessel Hemodynamics. Hypertension, 75(6), 1565-1573. https://doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14778
    • Butlin, M., Tan, I., Spronck, B., & Avolio, A. P. (2020). Measuring Arterial Stiffness in Animal Experimental Studies. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 40(5), 1068-1077. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.313861
    • Spronck, B., Jurko, A., Mestanik, M., Avolio, A. P., & Tonhajzerova, I. (2020). Reply to Comments: Using the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) or the Mathematical Correction Form (CAVI(0)) in Clinical Practice. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(7), Article 2647. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072647
    • Walavalkar, V., Maiya, S., Pujar, S., Ramachandra, P., Siddaiah, S., Spronck, B., Vanagt, W. Y., & Delhaas, T. (2020). Percutaneous Device Closure of Congenital Isolated Ventricular Septal Defects: A Single-Center Retrospective Database Study Amongst 412 Cases. Pediatric Cardiology, 41(3), 591-598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-020-02315-0
  • 2019
    • Spronck, B., & Humphrey, J. (2019). Arterial Stiffness: Different Metrics, Different Meanings. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme, 141(9), Article 091004. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4043486
    • Spronck, B., Mestanik, M., Tonhajzerova, I., Jurko, A., Tan, I., Butlin, M., & Avolio, A. P. (2019). Easy conversion of cardio-ankle vascular index into CAVI(0): influence of scale coefficients. Journal of Hypertension, 37(9), 1913-1914. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002166