Casper Schalkwijk

Professor

Prof. Casper Schalkwijk studied chemistry at University Utrecht and graduated in biochemistry. At the same university he obtained his PhD in 1992. He did post-graduate training in endothelial cell biology at TNO-PG in Leiden. He was appointed in 1995 as assistant professor and staff member at the Department of Clinical Chemistry at the Vrije Universiteit Medical Cente in Amsterdam and from 2004 as associate professor. He has led the Vascular Unit. He moved to the Department of Internal Medicine at Maastricht University in 2005, where he is heading the Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine (~15fte). He was appointed as Professor of Experimental Internal Medicine at the Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) of Maastricht UMC+ in 2011.

His main research themes are obesity, insulin resistance, endothelial function and vascular complications. The importance of endothelial dysfunction for the development of diabetic complications is studied in epidemiological setting with the availability of several cohorts and with experimental ex-vivo -, animal - and cell work. He has led several clinical studies. A major aim of his programme is to deliver specific and sensitive diagnostic biomarkers for the identification of patients developing  type 2 diabetes and to identify patients with high risk of vascular complications. Robust analytical techniques for measurements of biomarkers with multi-array technology and with UPLC-MSMS are available. A second aim of his programme is to obtain insight in the pathophysiology of vascular complications in diabetes. His current studies focus mainly on the importance non-enzymatic glycation for the development of diabetes and diabetic complications. He discovered, as one of the first, the link between AGEs and vascular complications in individuals with and without diabetes. He is an (inter)nationally recognised expert in the field of glycation. His lab is one of the most renowned labs in this field.The work has been supported by several grants and is now granted by the Diabetes Fonds Nederland, EFSD, NWO, ZonMw and NVWA.

Department of Internal Medicine
Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht
PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht
Room number: 5.324
T: +31(0)43 388 21 86

  • 2025
    • van Oeteren, M. A. J., De Groot, D. M., Buziau, A. M., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., van de Waarenburg, M. P. H., Kroon, A. A., Eussen, S. J. P. M., Dagnelie, P. C., Van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., Houben, A. J. H. M., Meex, S. J. R., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Brouwers, M. C. G. J. (2025). The effects of dietary fructose on blood pressure are modified by the food matrix. Clinical Nutrition, 55, 134-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2025.10.017
    • Lasfar, A., van Stratum, S. L. M., Imperatrice, M., van Kalkeren, C. A. J., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Schalkwijk, C. G., La Torre, D., & Troost, F. J. (2025). Effects of olive leaf extract supplementation on systemic markers of tissue aging and remodeling in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial with exploratory skin outcomes. Frontiers in nutrition, 12, Article 1670194. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1670194
    • Mayen, A.-L., Maasen, K., Hana, C., Knaze, V., Scheijen, J., Eussen, S. J. P. M., Vangrieken, P., Debras, C., Blanco, J., Dahm, C. C., Aleksandrova, K., Schulze, M. B., Dansero, L., Masala, G., Panico, S., Sieri, S., Guevara, M., Moreno Iribas, C., Petrova, D., ... Jenab, M. (2025). Higher intakes of dietary dicarbonyl compounds are associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 32(16), 1588-1600. Article zwaf060. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf060
    • van der Laan, K. W. F., Neutel, C. H. G., Pencheva, M. G., Wesley, C. D., Krüger, D. N., Schalwijk, C. G., De Meyer, G. R. Y., Martinet, W., Reesink, K. D., Delhaas, T., Giudici, A., Guns, P.-J., & Spronck, B. (2025). Vascular aging impairs active modulation of murine aortic stiffness by smooth muscle cells. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, 329(5), C1398-C1410. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00387.2025
    • Chen, H., Simons, P. I. H. G., Simons, N., van de Waarenburg, M. P. H., Bons, J. A. P., van der Ploeg, E. M. C. L., Feskens, E. J. M., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Brouwers, M. C. G. J. (2025). Effects of glucose and fructose supplementation on serum sex hormone-binding globulin and testosterone levels: post-hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 69, 384-388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.07.1123
    • Akinrimisi, O. I., Koning, M., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Meijnikman, A. S., Sindhunata, D. P., Bruin, S., van de Laar, A., Franken, R., Acherman, Y., Gerdes, V. E. A., Nieuwdorp, M., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Hanssen, N. M. J. (2025). Higher plasma dicarbonyl levels are associated with liver fibrosis in obese individuals. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 27(10), 5878-5888. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16643
    • van der Bruggen, M. M., van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., Spronck, B., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Delhaas, T., Reesink, K. D., & Schalkwijk, C. G. (2025). Plasma reactive dicarbonyls are not independently associated with arterial stiffness: The Maastricht Study. American Journal of Hypertension, 38(10), 777-787. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpaf068
    • Hansen, E. K., Hansen, D., Schalkwijk, C., Waarenburg, M., Hansen, H. P., & Lindhard, K. (2025). The Effect of Far Infrared Treatment on Changes in Biomarkers in the Arteriovenous Fistula. Blood Purification. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1159/000547478
    • Dimitropoulou, N. M., Eussen, S. J. P. M., Schalkwijk, C. G., & de Galan, B. E. (2025). Glucose variability measured by continuous glucose monitoring is associated with skin autofluorescence: the Maastricht Study. Diabetologia, 68(9), 1937-1946. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-025-06469-5
    • Van den Eynde, M. D. G., van der Bruggen, M. M., Houben, A. J. H. M., Reesink, K. D., Spronck, B., Delhaas, T., Scheijen, J. J. L. J. M., Miyata, T., & Schalkwijk, C. G. (2025). Pyridoxamine does not reduce arterial stiffness in an 8-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled intervention trial with abdominally obese individuals. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 27(9), 5332-5336. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16524
    • Bakker, L., Ramakers, I. H. G. B., Greevenbroek, M. M. J. V., Backes, W. H., Jansen, J. F. A., Schram, M. T., Kallen, C. J. H. V. D., Schalkwijk, C. G., Wesselius, A., Ulvik, A., Ueland, P. M., Verhey, F. R. J., Eussen, S. J. P. M., & Kohler, S. (2025). The kynurenine pathway and markers of neurodegeneration and cerebral small vessel disease: The Maastricht Study. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 474, Article 123522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2025.123522
    • Pencheva, M. G., Berends, E., van der Laan, K. W. F., Giudici, A., Niessen, P., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Vangrieken, P., Leenders, P., Delhaas, T., Caiment, F., Kutmon, M., Trujillo, F. M., Wouters, K., Foulquier, S., Spronck, B., Reesink, K. D., & Schalkwijk, C. G. (2025). Glyoxalase-1 overexpression attenuates arterial wall stiffening in diabetic mice. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24(1), Article 283. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-025-02823-4
    • Tian, X., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Van Pee, J., Van Royen, G., Schalkwijk, C. G., De Smet, S., & Van Hecke, T. (2025). High-moisture extruded pea balls exhibit lower (glyc)oxidative stability than pork balls following barbecuing and simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Food chemistry, 479, Article 143864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143864
    • Sun, D., van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Kelly, J., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Wouters, K. (2025). Methylglyoxal mediates the association between 2-hour plasma glucose and HbA1c with inflammation: The Maastricht Study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 110(7), 2047–2054. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae640
    • Akinrimisi, O. I., Maasen, K., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Nemet, I., Nieuwdorp, M., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Hanssen, N. M. J. (2025). Does Gut Microbial Methylglyoxal Metabolism Impact Human Physiology?Antioxidants, 14(7), Article 763. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14070763
    • Nokin, M.-J., Bellier, J., Durieux, F., Peulen, O., Rademaker, G., Gabriel, M., Monseur, C., Charloteaux, B., Verbeke, L., van Laere, S., Roncarati, P., Herfs, M., Lambert, C., Scheijen, J., Schalkwijk, C., Colige, A., Caers, J., Delvenne, P., Turtoi, A., ... Bellahcene, A. (2025). Correction: Methylglyoxal, a glycolysis metabolite, triggers metastasis through MEK/ERK/SMAD1 pathway activation in breast cancer (vol 21, 11, 2019). Breast Cancer Research, 27(1), Article 99. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-025-02044-3
    • Zhang, X., van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Eussen, S. J. P. M., Kelly, J., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Wouters, K. (2025). Fasting plasma methylglyoxal concentrations are associated with higher numbers of circulating intermediate and non-classical monocytes but with lower activation of intermediate monocytes: the Maastricht Study. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 48(5), 1257-1268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-025-02536-1
    • Mourmans, S. G. J., Achten, A., Hermans, R., Scheepers, M. J. E., D'Alessandro, E., Swennen, G., Woudstra, J., Appelman, Y., Goor, H. V., Schalkwijk, C., Knackstedt, C., Weerts, J., Eringa, E. C., & van Empel, V. P. M. (2025). The effect of empagliflozin on peripheral microvascular dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24(1), Article 182. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-025-02679-8
    • Doola, R., Griffin, A., Forbes, J. M., Kruger, P. S., Deane, A. M., Schalkwijk, C. G., & White, K. C. (2025). Association between enteral carboxymethyllysine intake and daily glycemic variability in critically ill adults: A retrospective cohort study. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 49(3), 324-331. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2727
    • Berends, E., Vangrieken, P., Amiri, N., van de Waarenburg, M. P. H., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Hermes, D. J. H. P., Wouters, K., van Oostenbrugge, R. J., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Foulquier, S. (2025). Increased Levels of Circulating Methylglyoxal Have No Consequence for Cerebral Microvascular Integrity and Cognitive Function in Young Healthy Mice. Molecular Neurobiology, 62(4), 4190-4202. Article 101148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-024-04552-3
    • Koene, E. J., Buziau, A. M., Cassiman, D., Cox, T. M., Bons, J., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Schalkwijk, C. G., Meex, S. J., Saxena, A. R., Esler, W. P., Schrauwen-Hinderling, V. B., Schrauwen, P., & Brouwers, M. C. (2025). Safety and efficacy of pharmacological inhibition of ketohexokinase in hereditary fructose intolerance. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 135(6), Article e187376. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI187376
    • Gaartman, A. E., Beuger, B. M., de Ligt, L. A., Veldthuis, M., Matlung, H. L., Meijers, J. C. M., Schalkwijk, C. G., de Heer, K., Heijmans, J., van Zwieten, R., Biemond, B. J., van Bruggen, R., & Nur, E. (2025). Low-dose iron chelation as anti-oxidative therapy in patients with sickle cell disease: A single-centre pilot study. British Journal of Haematology, 206(3), 1010-1013. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.19943
    • Vangrieken, P., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Schiffers, P. M. H., van de Waarenburg, M. P. H., Foulquier, S., & Schalkwijk, C. C. G. (2025). Modelling the effects of elevated methylglyoxal levels on vascular and metabolic complications. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 6025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90661-5
    • Oomens, J. E., Moonen, J. E. F., Vos, S. J. B., Beran, M., Mateus, P., De Deyn, P. P., van der Flier, W. M., Geerlings, M. I., Huisman, M. A., Ikram, M. A., Schram, M. T., Slagboom, P. E., Verschuren, W. M. M., Beekman, M., Bermejo, I., Birhanu, M., Bron, E. E., Dekker, A., Frentz, I., ... Visser, P. J. (2025). Identifying pathways to the prevention of dementia: the Netherlands consortium of dementia cohorts. BMC Neurology, 25(1), Article 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-024-03995-4
    • van Oeteren, M. A. J., Simons, N., Simons, P. I. H. G., van de Waarenburg, M. P. H., Kooi, M. E., Feskens, E. J. M., van der Ploeg, E. M. C. L., Van den Eynde, M. D. G., Houben, A. J. H. M., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Brouwers, M. C. G. J. (2025). Fructose restriction has beneficial effects on adipose tissue distribution but not on serum adipokine levels: Post-hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Clinical Obesity, 15(1), Article e12714. https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.12714
    • Buziau, A. M., Lefeber, D. J., Cassiman, D., Rubio-Gozalbo, M. E., Kwast, H., Tolan, D. R., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Brouwers, M. C. G. J. (2025). Aldolase B Deficient Mice Are Characterized by Hepatic Nucleotide Sugar Abnormalities. Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease, 48(1), Article e12836. https://doi.org/10.1002/jimd.12836
    • Neutel, C. H. G., van der Laan, K. W. F., Wesley, C. D., Krueger, D. N., Pencheva, M. G., Schalkwijk, C. G., De Meyer, G. R. Y., Martinet, W., Delhaas, T., Reesink, K. D., Giudici, A., Guns, P.-J., & Spronck, B. (2025). The MAASWERP Study: An International, Comparative Case Study on Measuring Biomechanics of the Aged Murine Aorta. Pulse, 13(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1159/000542694
  • 2024
    • Li, J., Roshelli Baker, J., Aglago, E. K., Zhao, Z., Jiao, L., Freisling, H., Hughes, D. J., Eriksen, A. K., Tjønneland, A., Severi, G., Katzke, V., Kaaks, R., Schulze, M. B., Masala, G., Pala, V., Pasanisi, F., Tumino, R., Padroni, L., Vermeulen, R. C. H., ... Fedirko, V. (2024). Pre-diagnostic plasma advanced glycation end-products and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products and mortality in colorectal cancer patients. International Journal of Cancer, 155(11), 1982-1995. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.35114
    • Beran, M., Jansen, W. J., Oomens, J. E., Moonen, J. E. F., Slagboom, P. E., Huisman, M., Kok, A. A. L., Nooyens, A. C. J., Verschuren, W. M. M., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Schalkwijk, C., Kohler, S., Beekman, M., Slagboom, P. E., Wolters, F. J., Ikram, M. A., Vallerga, C. L., van Meurs, J. B. J., Ghanbari, M., ... NCDC Consortium (2024). Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and cognition: A two-step IPD meta-analysis. Alzheimer's & Dementia, 20(12), 8402-8411. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14272
    • Heyens, L., Kenjic, H., Dagnelie, P., Schalkwijk, C., Stehouwer, C., Meex, S., Kooman, J., Bekers, O., van Greevenbroek, M., Savelberg, H., Robaeys, G., de Galan, B., Koster, A., van Dongen, M., Eussen, S., & Koek, G. (2024). Forns index and fatty liver index, but not FIB-4, are associated with indices of glycaemia, pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes: analysis of The Maastricht Study. BMJ Open Gastroenterology, 11(1), Article e001466. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001466
    • Berends, E., Pencheva, M. G., van de Waarenburg, M. P. H., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Hermes, D. J. H. P., Wouters, K., van Oostenbrugge, R. J., Foulquier, S., & Schalkwijk, C. G. (2024). Glyoxalase 1 overexpression improves neurovascular coupling and limits development of mild cognitive impairment in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Journal of Physiology, 602(22), 6209-6223. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP286723
    • Zhao, X., Schalkwijk, C., Kroon, A., Schram, M. T., Stehouwer, C., & Houben, A. (2024). Different Measures of Hyperglycemia Are Negatively Associated With Skin Microvascular Flowmotion: The Maastricht Study. Microcirculation, 31(7), Article e12882. https://doi.org/10.1111/micc.12882
    • Buziau, A. M., Oosterveer, M. H., Wouters, K., Bos, T., Tolan, D. R., Agius, L., Ford, B. E., Cassiman, D., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Schalkwijk, C. G., & Brouwers, M. C. G. J. (2024). Hepatic glucokinase regulatory protein and carbohydrate response element binding protein attenuation reduce de novo lipogenesis but do not mitigate intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation in ALDOB deficiency. Molecular Metabolism, 87, Article 101984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101984
    • D'Haese, S., Claes, L., Jaeken, E., Deluyker, D., Evens, L., Heeren, E., Haesen, S., Vastmans, L., Lambrichts, I., Wouters, K., Schalkwijk, C. G., Hansen, D., Eijnde, B. O., & Bito, V. (2024). Pyridoxamine Alleviates Cardiac Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress in Western Diet-Induced Prediabetic Rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(15), Article 8508. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158508
    • van Hilten, A., van Rooij, J., Heijmans, B. T., ’t Hoen, P. A. C., Meurs, J. V., Jansen, R., Franke, L., Boomsma, D. I., Pool, R., van Dongen, J., Hottenga, J. J., van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., Stehouwer, C. D. A., van der Kallen, C. J. H., Schalkwijk, C. G., Wijmenga, C., Zhernakova, S., Tigchelaar, E. F., Slagboom, P. E., ... BIOS Consortium (2024). Phenotype prediction using biologically interpretable neural networks on multi-cohort multi-omics data. NPJ systems biology and applications, 10(1), Article 81. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41540-024-00405-w
    • Vangrieken, P., Al-Nasiry, S., Remels, A. H. V., Schiffers, P. M. H., Janssen, E., Nass, S., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Spaanderman, M. E. A., & Schalkwijk, C. G. (2024). Placental Methylglyoxal in Preeclampsia: Vascular and Biomarker Implications. Hypertension, 81(7), 1537-1549. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.22633
    • van Gennip, A. C. E., Gupta, M. D., Houben, A. J. H. M., Berendschot, T. T. J. M., Webers, C. A. B., van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., van der Kallen, C. J. H., Koster, A., Wesselius, A., Eussen, S. J. P. M., Schalkwijk, C. G., de Galan, B. E., Köhler, S., Schram, M. T., Stehouwer, C. D. A., & van Sloten, T. T. (2024). Retinal microvascular function and incidence and trajectories of clinically relevant depressive symptoms: the Maastricht Study. Psychological Medicine, 54(10), 2482-2491. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291724000618
    • Debras, C., Cordova, R., Mayén, A.-L., Maasen, K., Knaze, V., Eussen, S. J., Schalkwijk, C. G., Huybrechts, I., Tjønneland, A., Halkjær, J., Katzke, V., Bajracharya, R., Schulze, M. B., Masala, G., Pala, V., Pasanisi, F., Macciotta, A., Petrova, D., Castañeda, J., ... Freisling, H. (2024). Dietary intake of dicarbonyl compounds and changes in body weight over time in a large cohort of European adults. British Journal of Nutrition, 131(11), 1902-1914. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114524000503
    • Werkman, N. C. C., García-Sáez, G., Nielen, J. T. H., Tapia-Galisteo, J., Somolinos-Simón, F. J., Hernando, M. E., Wang, J., Jiu, L., Goettsch, W. G., van der Kallen, C. J. H., Koster, A., Schalkwijk, C. G., de Vries, H., de Vries, N. K., Eussen, S. J. P. M., Driessen, J. H. M., & Stehouwer, C. D. A. (2024). Disease severity-based subgrouping of type 2 diabetes does not parallel differences in quality of life: the Maastricht Study. Diabetologia, 67(4), 690-702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-023-06082-4
    • Baylan, U., Baidoshvili, A., Simsek, S., Schalkwijk, C. G., Niessen, H., & Krijnen, P. (2024). Increased accumulation of the advanced glycation endproduct Ne(carboxymethyl) lysine in the intramyocardial vasculature in patients with epicarditis. International Journal of Experimental Pathology, 105(2), 48-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/iep.12499
    • Beran, M., van Gennip, A. C. E., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Jansen, J. F. A., Gupta, M. D., Houben, A. J. H. M., Berendschot, T. T. J. M., Webers, C. A. B., Wesselius, A., Schalkwijk, C. G., Backes, W. H., de Jong, J. J. A., van der Kallen, C. J. H., van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., Köhler, S., Vonk, J. M. J., Geerlings, M. I., Schram, M. T., & van Sloten, T. T. (2024). Microvascular Dysfunction and Whole-Brain White Matter Connectivity: The Maastricht Study. Journal of the American Heart Association, 13(3), Article e9112. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.123.031573
    • D'Haese, S., Claes, L., de Laat, I., Van Campenhout, S., Deluyker, D., Heeren, E., Haesen, S., Lambrichts, I., Wouters, K., Schalkwijk, C. G., Hansen, D., Eijnde, B., & Bito, V. (2024). Moderate-Intensity and High-Intensity Interval Exercise Training Offer Equal Cardioprotection, with Different Mechanisms, during the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Rats. Nutrients, 16(3), Article 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030431
    • Bellini, S., Guarrera, S., Matullo, G., Schalkwijk, C., Stehouwer, C. D., Chaturvedi, N., Soedamah-Muthu, S. S., Barutta, F., & Gruden, G. (2024). Serum MicroRNA-191-5p Levels in Vascular Complications of Type 1 Diabetes: the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 109(1), E163-E174. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad468
    • van der Heide, F. C. T., Khawaja, A., Berendschot, T. T. J. M., Littlejohns, T. J., Kuźma, E., Luben, R., Patel, P. J., Foster, P. J., Webers, C., Kroon, B., van der Kallen, C., van Dongen, M., Eussen, S., Schalkwijk, C., Bosma, H., Koehler, S., Schram, M., Blokland, G., Linden, D., ... Stehouwer, C. D. A. (2024). Associations of inner retinal layers with risk of incident dementia: An individual participant data analysis of four prospective cohort studies. Alzheimer's & Dementia, 20(1), 211-220. Article 13167. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13167
  • 2023
    • Mokhtar, S. B. A., van der Heide, F. C. T., Oyaert, K. A. M., van der Kallen, C. J. H., Berendschot, T. T. J. M., Scarpa, F., Colonna, A., de Galan, B. E., van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., Dagnelie, P. C., Schalkwijk, C. G., Nuijts, R. M. M. A., Schaper, N. C., Kroon, A. A., Schram, M. T., Webers, C. A. B., & Stehouwer, C. D. A. (2023). (Pre)diabetes and a higher level of glycaemic measures are continuously associated with corneal neurodegeneration assessed by corneal confocal microscopy: the Maastricht Study. Diabetologia, 66(11), 2030-2041. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-023-05986-5
    • Berends, E., van Oostenbrugge, R. J., Foulquier, S., & Schalkwijk, C. G. (2023). Methylglyoxal, a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, as a threat for blood brain barrier integrity. Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 20(1), Article 75. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12987-023-00477-6
    • Nagenborg, J., Jin, H., Ruder, A. V., Temmerman, L., Mees, B., Schalkwijk, C., Müller-Klieser, D., Berg, T., Goossens, P., Donners, M. M. P. C., & Biessen, E. A. L. (2023). GM-CSF-activated STAT5A regulates macrophage functions and inflammation in atherosclerosis. Frontiers in Immunology, 14, Article 1165306. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1165306
    • Piazza, M., Hanssen, N. M. J., Scheijen, J. L. J. M., Vd Waarenburg, M., Caroccia, B., Seccia, T. M., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Rossi, G. P., & Schalkwijk, C. G. (2023). Serum levels of autoantibodies against the angiotensin II type I receptor are not associated with serum dicarbonyl or AGE levels in patients with an aldosterone-producing adenoma. Journal of Human Hypertension, 37(10), 919-924. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-022-00773-y
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